What technique involves subdividing a problem into its component parts to enhance analysis and understanding?

The technique that involves subdividing a problem into its component parts to enhance analysis and understanding is decomposition. Decomposition allows a business analyst to break down complex issues, systems, or processes into smaller, more manageable segments. This approach facilitates a clearer understanding of the relationships between these components, makes the problem easier to analyze, and aids in identifying potential solutions or areas that require further investigation.

When using decomposition, analysts can focus on each individual part, examine its function, and determine how it interacts with other parts, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the overall system or situation. This method is particularly useful in complex projects, as it helps to clarify issues and organize information effectively, ensuring that nothing is overlooked.

In contrast, aggregation would involve bringing parts together into a whole, simplification focuses on making something less complex without necessarily breaking it down, and integration emphasizes combining different components into a coherent system. These concepts serve different purposes and do not specifically involve the step-by-step breakdown integral to the process of decomposition.